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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Digital Economy &amp; Innovations</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Digital Economy &amp; Innovations</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Цифровая экономика и инновации</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">3034-2074</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-4204</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Togliatti State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">795</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18323/2221-5689-2023-2-24-33</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Smart budget consolidation</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Умная бюджетная консолидация</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-4190</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Demidova</surname><given-names>Svetlana Evgenievna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демидова</surname><given-names>Светлана Евгеньевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Economics), Associate Professor, assistant professor of the Department of Public Finance of Financial Faculty</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат экономических наук, доцент, доцент департамента общественных финансов финансового факультета</p></bio><email>demidovapsk@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Финансовый университет при Правительстве Российской Федерации, Москва</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-06-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-06-30"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vektornaukieconomika.ru/jour/article/view/795">https://vektornaukieconomika.ru/jour/article/view/795</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Budget consolidation aims at the correction of budget imbalances and the reduction of national debt. There are approaches to defining budget consolidation through the primary budget deficit reduction and through the improvement of the ratio of the adjusted primary balance to potential gross domestic product. As a rule, the focus of budget consolidation measures is associated with the budget expenditure austerity or revenue growth promotion. The study of the International Monetary Fund and the budget consolidation programs of selected OECD countries identified tools and activities that can be classified as hard, aggressive, soft, and smart budget consolidation. The paper provides an overview of budget consolidation tools and their impact on macroeconomic indicators. The empirical analysis completes the study in relation to the national debt sustainability for the domestic economy and the economy of foreign countries. The author analyzes the dynamics of national debt parameters for individual countries, as well as for groups of countries depending on the economic development level, and concludes on the necessity of implementing budget consolidation measures in the post-crisis period. The approaches to budget consolidation are typologized. The key smart tools for smart budget consolidation are the technologies of budget account liquidity management, the technologies of tax administration, electronic public procurement, the “social treasury” mechanism, and pooling of subsidies. Institutional smart tools include rapid budget expenditure reviews, tax expenditure optimization, and the enhancement of the role of budget councils. Smart budget consolidation tools do not depend on the crisis and recovery periods, but are aimed at the permanent efficiency improvement both of expenditures and revenues of the budgets of the budgetary system. Using flexible tools, it is possible to mitigate the negative effects of budget consolidation, including lag. The advantages of smart budget consolidation are proved through the socio-economic effects, which are provided by the education and healthcare expenditures. Correlation-regression analysis showed a direct strong interelation between these expenditures and the income index of the population. The author proposes to increase the level of efficiency of budget expenditures and budget revenues through the application of a dynamic set of budget consolidation tools related to the use of management and digital technologies.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Бюджетная консолидация направлена на исправление бюджетных диспропорций и сокращение государственного долга. Существуют подходы к определению бюджетной консолидации через сокращение первичного бюджетного дефицита и через улучшение отношения скорректированного первичного баланса к потенциальному валовому внутреннему продукту. Как правило, нацеленность мер бюджетной консолидации связывается с жесткой экономией бюджетных расходов или стимулированием роста доходов. Исследования Международного валютного фонда и программ бюджетной консолидации отдельных стран ОЭСР позволили выявить инструменты и мероприятия, которые могут быть отнесены к жесткой, агрессивной, мягкой и умной бюджетной консолидации. В статье представлен обзор инструментов бюджетной консолидации и их влияние на макроэкономические показатели. Эмпирический анализ дополняет проведенные исследования в отношении устойчивости государственного долга для отечественной экономики и экономики зарубежных стран. Проанализирована динамика параметров государственного долга по отдельным странам, а также по группам стран в зависимости от уровня экономического развития, сделан вывод о необходимости реализации мер бюджетной консолидации в посткризисный период. Типологизированы подходы к бюджетной консолидации. Ключевыми смарт-инструментами умной бюджетной консолидации являются технологии управления ликвидностью бюджетных счетов, технологии налогового администрирования, электронные государственные закупки, механизм «социального казначейства», объединение субсидий в пул. К институциональным смарт-инструментам относятся быстрые обзоры бюджетных расходов, оптимизация налоговых расходов, повышение роли бюджетных советов. Инструменты умной бюджетной консолидации не зависят от периодов кризиса и подъема, а нацелены на перманентное повышение эффективности как расходов, так и доходов бюджетов бюджетной системы. Отрицательные эффекты бюджетной консолидации, в том числе запаздывание, могут быть сглажены использованием гибких инструментов. Преимущества умной бюджетной консолидации доказаны через социально-экономические эффекты, которые обеспечивают расходы на образование и здравоохранение. Корреляционно-регрессионный анализ показал прямую сильную взаимосвязь данных расходов с индексом доходов населения. Повысить уровень эффективности бюджетных расходов и доходы бюджета предлагается через использование динамичного набора инструментов бюджетной консолидации, связанных с использованием управленческих и цифровых технологий. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>budget consolidation</kwd><kwd>smart consolidation</kwd><kwd>smart budget consolidation</kwd><kwd>national debt</kwd><kwd>budget deficit</kwd><kwd>budget expenditure</kwd><kwd>budget revenue</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бюджетная консолидация</kwd><kwd>умная консолидация</kwd><kwd>умная бюджетная консолидация</kwd><kwd>государственный долг</kwd><kwd>бюджетный дефицит</kwd><kwd>расходы бюджета</kwd><kwd>доходы бюджета</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aizenman J., Jinjarak Y., Nguyen H.T.K., Park D. Fiscal Space and Increasing Fiscal Resilience. 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