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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Digital Economy &amp; Innovations</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Digital Economy &amp; Innovations</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Цифровая экономика и инновации</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">3034-2074</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-4204</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Togliatti State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">894</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18323/3034-2074-2025-4-63-1</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Assessing the structural quality of regional economies: complexity level and multiple specialization</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Оценка структурного качества экономики регионов: уровень сложности и множественная специализация</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2021-6469</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bikmaeva</surname><given-names>Aliya D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бикмаева</surname><given-names>Алия Динмухаматовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Economics), Associate Professor, assistant professor of Chair “Economics and Regional Development”</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат экономических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры «Экономика и региональное развитие»</p></bio><email>Rakhmatullinaad@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ufa University of Science and Technology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Уфимский университет науки и технологий</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>13</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-12-26"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-12-26"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Bikmaeva A.D.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Бикмаева А.Д.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bikmaeva A.D.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бикмаева А.Д.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vektornaukieconomika.ru/jour/article/view/894">https://vektornaukieconomika.ru/jour/article/view/894</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Today, there is growing interest in studying the level of economic complexity, which is considered one of the factors capable of influencing economic growth. The economic complexity index is calculated based on export data, which allows analyzing the diversity of exported goods, determining the complexity of the production process, and reflecting the level of knowledge and skills required in the production of exported goods. The purpose of the research is to determine the level of economic complexity of regions and to identify the relationship between this indicator and the Gross Regional Product (GRP). A modified method of the Economic Complexity Index (ECI) is used. Based on the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) index, a binary matrix is constructed, reflecting the structure of regional commodity specialization and enabling an assessment of the level of economic diversification. A correlation analysis between the complexity index and regional GRP was conducted. The empirical basis of the study consisted of official data from the Federal Customs Service of Russia on exports by commodity groups for 2021, covering 84 Russian regions. The results showed a weak negative correlation between the complexity index and GRP (<italic>r</italic>=−0.129). Excluding oil and gas regions changed the nature of the relationship to weakly positive (<italic>r</italic>=0.067), indicating a strong influence of the extractive sector on the analysis results. Thus, the study did not reveal a stable relationship between economic complexity and GRP, but it identified goods with high prevalence and unique products, as well as determined the most diversified regions. The identified patterns require further additional research. The obtained results can be applied in management practice for formulating more evidence-based socio-economic policies, taking into account the structural characteristics of regions.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Сегодня растет интерес к исследованию уровня сложности экономики, который рассматривается как один из факторов, способных повлиять на экономический рост. Индекс сложности экономики рассчитывается на основе данных об экспортной деятельности, которые позволяют анализировать разнообразие товарной номенклатуры вывозимых товаров, определять степень сложности производственного процесса и отражать уровень знаний и квалификации, которые требуются в процессе создания вывозимых товаров. Цель исследования – определить уровень сложности экономики регионов и выявить наличие связи между данным показателем и валовым региональным продуктом (ВРП). В работе использован модифицированный метод индекса экономической сложности (ИЭС). На основе индекса выявленных сравнительных преимуществ (ВСП/RCA) построена бинарная матрица, отражающая структуру товарной специализации регионов и позволяющая оценить уровень диверсификации их экономики. Проведен корреляционный анализ между индексом сложности и ВРП субъектов. Эмпирической базой исследования послужили официальные данные Федеральной таможенной службы РФ об экспорте по товарным группам за 2021 г., охватывающие 84 региона России. Результаты показали слабую отрицательную корреляцию между индексом сложности и ВРП (<italic>r</italic>=−0,129). Исключение нефтегазовых регионов изменило характер связи на слабоположительный (<italic>r</italic>=0,067), что указывает на сильное влияние сырьевого сектора на результаты анализа. Таким образом, исследование не выявило устойчивой связи между сложностью экономики и ВРП, однако определило товары с высокой распространенностью и уникальную продукцию, а также установило наиболее диверсифицированные регионы. Выявленные закономерности требуют дальнейших дополнительных исследований. Полученные результаты могут применяться в управленческой практике для формирования более обоснованной социально-экономической политики с учетом структурных особенностей регионов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>regional economic complexity index</kwd><kwd>specialization sectors</kwd><kwd>specialization</kwd><kwd>regional diversification level</kwd><kwd>regional economy</kwd><kwd>export specialization</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>индекс экономической сложности региона</kwd><kwd>отрасли специализации</kwd><kwd>специализация</kwd><kwd>уровень диверсификации региона</kwd><kwd>региональная экономика</kwd><kwd>экспортная специализация</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bikmaeva A.D. Specialization of the regional economy: theoretical and practical aspects. 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