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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Digital Economy &amp; Innovations</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Digital Economy &amp; Innovations</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Цифровая экономика и инновации</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">3034-2074</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-4204</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Togliatti State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">921</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18323/3034-2074-2026-3-66-1</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The impact of the divergence between IFRS and RAS debt burdens on the value of Moscow Exchange companies</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние расхождения долговой нагрузки по МСФО и РСБУ на стоимость компаний московской биржи</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9357-5854</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Agadulin</surname><given-names>Radif R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агадулин</surname><given-names>Радиф Ринатович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>postgraduate student of the Institute of Management, Economics and Finance</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант Института управления, экономики и финансов</p></bio><email>radif_agadulin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3646-4096</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ayupov</surname><given-names>Aidar A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аюпов</surname><given-names>Айдар Айратович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Sciences (Economics), Professor, Head of the Department of Financial Markets and Financial Institutions of the Institute of Management, Economics and Finance</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор экономических наук, профессор,заведующий кафедрой финансовых рынков и финансовых институтовИнститута управления, экономики и финансов</p></bio><email>Ajdar.Ajupov@kpfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan Federal University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанский федеральный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><content-language>ru</content-language><pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic" iso-8601-date="2026-09-30"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>18</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-09-30"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-09-30"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></date></history><pub-history><event event-type="received"><event-desc>Received:<date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-09-30"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></date></event-desc></event><event event-type="accepted"><event-desc>Accepted:<date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-09-30"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></date></event-desc></event><event event-type="pub"><event-desc>Published:<pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic" iso-8601-date="2026-09-30"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date></event-desc></event></pub-history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Agadulin R.R., Ayupov A.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Агадулин Р.Р., Аюпов А.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Agadulin R.R., Ayupov A.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Агадулин Р.Р., Аюпов А.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vektornaukieconomika.ru/jour/article/view/921">https://vektornaukieconomika.ru/jour/article/view/921</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Abstract: Problem. Russian public companies are required to prepare financial statements under both International Fi-nancing Reporting Standards (IFRS) and Russian Accounting Standards (RAS) simultaneously. Differences in the account-ing rules for leases, consolidation, and provisions cause the debt burden of the same company to differ substantially across the two reporting frameworks, creating measurable information opacity. At the same time, the dependence of the impact of this divergence on the market valuation of a company upon its level of leverage remains unstudied. Aim. To establish whether the divergence between debt under IFRS and RAS affects the EV/EBITDA market multiplier of public companies listed on the Moscow Exchange beyond the effect of absolute debt burden, and whether the strength of this effect depends on the company’s own level of leverage. Methods. Using an unbalanced panel of 189 firm-observations across 17 Mos-cow Exchange sectors for 2015–2024, three nested OLS regressions with sector and year fixed effects were estimated; standard errors were clustered by company. An author-developed indicator of the standards divergence, MASK = (IFRS Debt − RAS Debt) / IFRS Assets, was proposed. Robustness was verified on a quarterly sample (169 observations). Results. For companies with low debt burden, the divergence in standards significantly reduces the multiplier (coefficient −49.20; p = 0.055). As debt grows, the penalty weakens: the coefficient of interaction between MASK and leverage is posi-tive (+33.77; p = 0.005). The net discount reaches zero at Debt/EBITDA ≈ 1.46. On quarterly data, the results are repro-duced with increased significance. Conclusions. The market discounts valuations for the reporting divergence primarily among issuers with a simple debt structure, which is consistent with information asymmetry theory. Voluntary disclosure of a reconciliation of the standards, or the convergence of RAS with IFRS, serves as a tool for managing capitalisation.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Аннотация: Проблема. Российские публичные компании обязаны формировать отчётность одновременно по МСФО и РСБУ. Различия в правилах учёта аренды, консолидации и резервов приводят к тому, что долговая нагрузка одной и той же компании существенно различается в двух отчётностях, порождая измеримую информационную непро-зрачность. При этом зависимость влияния данного расхождения на рыночную оценку от уровня левериджа компании остаётся неисследованной. Цель. Установить, влияет ли расхождение между долгом по МСФО и РСБУ на рыночный мультипликатор EV/EBITDA публичных компаний Московской биржи сверх эффекта абсолютной долговой нагрузки, и зависит ли сила этого влияния от уровня левериджа самой компании. Методы. На несбалансированной панели из 189 фирмо-наблюдений по 17 секторам Московской биржи за 2015–2024 гг. оценены три вложенные OLS-регрессии с фиксированными эффектами сектора и года; стандартные ошибки кластеризованы по компаниям. Предложен автор-ский показатель расхождения стандартов MASK = (Долг МСФО − Долг РСБУ) / Активы МСФО. Устойчивость прове-рена на квартальной выборке (169 наблюдений). Результаты. У компаний с невысокой долговой нагрузкой расхождение стандартов значимо снижает мультипликатор (коэффициент −49,20; p = 0,055). По мере роста долга штраф ослабевает: коэффициент взаимодействия MASK и левериджа положителен (+33,77; p = 0,005). Нетто-дисконт обнуляется при Долг/EBITDA ≈ 1,46. На квартальных данных результаты воспроизводятся с усилением значимости. Выводы. Рынок дисконтирует оценку за расхождение отчётностей преимущественно у эмитентов с простой долговой структурой, что согласуется с теорией информационной асимметрии. Добровольное раскрытие сверки стандартов или конвергенция РСБУ с МСФО выступают инструментом управления капитализацией.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>International Financing Reporting Standards (IFRS)</kwd><kwd>Russian Accounting Standards (RAS)</kwd><kwd>information asymmetry</kwd><kwd>company value</kwd><kwd>debt burden</kwd><kwd>imperfect market</kwd><kwd>Moscow Exchange</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>МСФО</kwd><kwd>РСБУ</kwd><kwd>информационная асимметрия</kwd><kwd>стоимость компании</kwd><kwd>долговая нагрузка</kwd><kwd>несо-вершенный рынок</kwd><kwd>Московская биржа</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jensen M.C., Meckling W.H. Theory of the firm: managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 1976, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 305–360. 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