No 3 (2015)

Nowadays, the international bibliographic community considers the term “national bibliography” as a type of literature which keeps current and retrospective record of the national bibliography of printed materials and provides information about the society. Analysis of the components of the registration count of the national bibliographical handbooks showed that the manual “Azerbaijani Bibliography” published in the period of independence of the Akhundov National Library in comparison with the same book published in the Soviet period has significantly increased the number of documents on Environmental Science and Ecology, i.e. books and theses published in Azerbaijan.

The paper considers the Russian institutions, which increase the inequality and restrict opportunities. The author writes, in particular, about the rules of taxation of private customers’ income, luxury tax, and the rules supporting ultra-high level of centralization in the country. The flat scale of income tax established since the beginning of the 2000th years, and the restrictive actions of state institutions for establishment of luxury tax increase the tax burden on middle and poor classes of the Russians and promote the growth of poverty. The author gives the income and property indicators of inequality, which prove that the income differentiation in the country increases. At the same time, the number of persons with the below poverty line income increases, the middle class narrows, and the wealth concentration level increases. The paper shows that the regional policy in modern Russia characterized by overcentralization of public administration institutions does not cope with the problems of equalization of economic development of territories. The interregional inequality feeds the social inequality and restricts the opportunities of inhabitants of certain territories. The author proves the conclusion that the inequality developed in the country and the restriction of opportunities cause the decrease of human and social capital level. These consequences become the reasons for low efficiency and stagnation in economy. The author offers to update the task of overcoming of excess inequalities and, according to this leading directive, to carry out the corresponding institutional transformations concerning the introduction of the progressive scale of private customers’ taxation and the inter-budget regulation.

The motivation to consider the issue of corporate social responsibility cannot be reduced to the identification of the specific nature of each company. On the contrary, the common interpretation of separated data and the identification of the universal methodology for the company's social policy assessment should serve as a purpose of study. The policy nature influences not only the achievement of the total balance of all stakeholders of corporate management, but also the further strategic development of a company. To be the corporate social responsibility the authors consider the development and the implementation of all company’s operating programs designed to meet public interests. Properly developed approach in defining the parameters of corporate social responsibility makes it possible to identify the priorities both for the company and for the society, what is relevant at the moment. The authors propose one of such approaches.

For the successful implementation of any kind of investment (including the development and the launch of marketing virus) it is necessary to have the technique for the assessment of the performed investments efficiency. In this case, we get the problem of the assessment of efficiency of virus essential content and its achievement of the objectives. This problem is divided into two interrelated tasks: determination of efficiency of the virus itself and the calculation of economic feasibility of this tool application. The paper offers the model of viral message efficiency assessment and considers in details its elements: the assessment of spontaneous awareness of viral message information demonstrated by the targeted audience; the analysis of interest to a message; the assessment of understanding; the analysis of the emotional impact of a message on the targeted audience; the assessment of the economic efficiency. The authors prove the necessity of comparative analysis of various viral companies, both own and the companies of the competitors, which enables the forecasting of the results of the analyzed viral marketing, as well as describe the advantages and disadvantages of deductive and inductive approaches to the assessment of viral message understanding by the respondents. 

The paper proposes a number of concepts of the company value-based management: capital concept, value concept, corporate-integration concept, the concept of operating costs, institutional concept and the concept on the basis of expectations, as well as describes their basic elements. It is shown how these concepts can be used at the regional level in order to increase the investment attractiveness of the region.

The author verified the hypothesis of scientific assumptions of the low activity rate of institutional investors in the financial market of Ukraine: the conflict between the maturity of the domestic securities market and the opportunities and the needs of diversification of attracted savings investments; conjunctural orientation of the institutional investors advantages of choosing the strategically prospective industry sectors; the institutional investors activity restrained by the lack of numerous middle-class and households capable to make large savings. The defining role in the financial marketing belongs to the concept of “financial security” of the state, business and population. The identification of such security criteria is one of the most important marketing functions. The author proved the necessity to expand the conceptual basis of the institutional investors’ financial marketing by forming-up a concept of the “information sufficiency” in three-vector space: market, organizational, institutional-product vectors. It was found that the market direction is focused on the disclosure of features of the relationship between institutional investors, their partners and other market entities: the markets of securities, banking services, non-banking services, and real estate. It was proved that the organization vector is concerned with the use of qualitatively different rules of activity: normative (including restrictions), regulatory (coercion and sanctions according to the results of state supervision), contractual, including customs and other informal rules of conduct of non-bank institutional investors in the financial market. In the context of institutional-product vector the institutional investors’ orientation is typical towards the financial services separation according to the qualitatively different types: life insurance, investment, non-state pension provision.

The paper defines the inflation origin nature. The author studied the essence of the “inflation” concept in the process of economic views evolution and identified that the increase in money supply, the main monetary factor of inflation, has lost its values and the non-monetary reasons for the price growth have appeared. The author summarizes the “inflation” concept as a complex economic phenomenon which occurs in connection with the unbalanced development of social reproduction, the development mechanism of which is the aggregate supply and demand that creates two main types of inflation – the demand inflation and the supply inflation.

Any economic activity is connected with an uncertainty and various types of risks. The investment activity is not the exception; it also involves numerous risks which influence on the end results increased significantly under the conditions of market economy globalization. The changes in political, social and business environments, production methods and technology, labor productivity, prices for products at the investment project release, raw materials, services and the environmental conditions influence the progress of the investment project implementation. All these factors become the reasons of risks that influence the investment projects. For the last fifteen years the RF Government invests assets in the industry. And chemical industry is not the exception: having the significant influence on key sectors of industry, construction and agriculture, it plays the important role in the world economy. The enterprises of chemical complex work in risk environment where the probability of damage and emergency situations is very high. These facts force management to use actively risk management instruments to ensure financial safety of the enterprises. The effective risk management should reflect such financial model of reproduction process in chemical sector of economy which will allow chemical companies to provide themselves with necessary sources of investment, to create financial reserves and to fulfill financial and credit obligations.