No 1 (2018)
- Year: 2018
- Articles: 7
- URL: https://vektornaukieconomika.ru/jour/issue/view/19
-
Description:
Published 30.03.2018
Full Issue
SPECIAL ASPECTS OF STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF A MODERN PRODUCTION CYCLE
Abstract
The paper covers the special aspects of statistical analysis of a modern production cycle. The authors give the definition of such concepts as “modern macroeconomic cycle” and “production cycle” and attempt to identify their features within the conditions of the transition from the industrial stage to the postindustrial stage of the social and economic development. The paper defines the science industries field, within which the study of macroeconomic and production cycles are carried out. In the paper, the basic macroeconomic processes are determined and their interrelations are described. The identified general informatization, structural transformation, innovatization, capitalization of labor resources, production services, science-intensive and technotronic renewal and transformation of productive forces, the introduction of new forms of investment provision determine in general the transformational nature of modern macrocycle. The authors consider the essential characteristics of modern production cycle, its distinctive features from the classical interpretation of the “industrial cycle” and interpret a production cycle as a structural component of modern macroeconomic cycle reflecting changes in the dynamics and the structure of production, formed by the information, investment, technological processes, and determining the structural and social changes in the economy and society as a whole. Main attention is paid to the development of a comprehensive methodology for analyzing the modern production cycle, which is based on the combination of the process and dynamic approaches. Within the framework of developed model, the algorithm of statistical analysis of the modern production cycle is presented, which includes the systematization of indicators in accordance with the features of statistical base of the research level with their phase-by-phase characteristics within the framework of the process approach for determining the current phase of a production cycle, as well as the analysis of the cause-effect dependencies of this cycle and the characteristics of the balance of indicators in it within the framework of the dynamic approach.
5-12
THE ANALYSIS OF RISKS AND OPPORTUNITIES OF THE PROCESSES OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT BASED ON SWOT-ANALYSIS
Abstract
In the new version of ISO 9000 standard of 2015 edition, the replacement of preventive actions of the previous standard for risks management took place. To be the advanced tool of management of risks related to the QMS processes, SWOT-analysis can be considered that is recommended by the international ISO 31000 standards including the general instructions for identifying, management and selection of risk estimation methods. However, the traditional SWOT-analysis technique has a number of disadvantages. In particular, it has practically no formalization methods when estimating and selecting the external and internal factors of influence of the environment on an organization in the context of risks and opportunities for the development strategies formation created by them that increases the complexity of their implementation and decreases the credibility of obtained data. The solution of this issue is possible on the base of the procedure of integration of FMEA methodology and SWOT-analysis elements offered in this paper in order to prove statistically the influence of risks and opportunities caused by the environment on the processes management in the QMS of an organization. The procedure is aimed both at the estimation of risks influence on the object under the study that is generally typical for the majority of techniques applied today and at the estimation of the opportunities resulting from the processes management. The approach considered allows identifying the priority risks and opportunities influencing the QMS processes management based on the statistical validity of their selection that improves the reliability of data obtained in the result of the study.
13-18
INTERREGIONAL INTERACTION UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF TRANSITION TO THE SIXTH TECHNOLOGY REVOLUTION
Abstract
Global trends highlight the forthcoming of the sixth technology revolution, which will affect significantly the socio-economic situation all over the world that may remake the global economic structure. The paper covers the consideration of the interregional interaction as one of the basic factors of the functioning of the economy of the sixth technology revolution.
The authors consider the current approach to the estimation of regional contribution in the national economy. The paper brings up the issue of the necessity to create the system of regional contributions estimation that will consider the positive influence of a region on other regions of the Russian Federation and the synergy effect as well.
The hypothesis is put forward that the interregional interaction plays more important role for the productions with the bigger added value than for the productions with the low added value. This hypothesis is examined by the method of factor analysis carried out by Gretl software. Using the least square method, two regression models are constructed: 1) the influence of interregional interaction on the productions with low added value; 2) the influence of interregional interaction on the productions with high added value. The first regression model demonstrated the absence of significant dependence between the number of production companies and the level of interregional interaction. The second regression model detected the significant dependence between the number of production companies and the level of interregional interaction. The results of the analysis allow concluding that the level of interregional interaction plays the more significant role for the productions with the high added value.
The paper raises the issue of the necessity to create mechanisms facilitating the interregional interaction. It is proposed to consider the formation of interregional clusters as the basic instrument stimulating the interregional interaction and the increase in the innovation activity.
19-24
THE QUESTION OF CERTAIN RESULTS OF PRIVATISING THE ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY OF RUSSIA
Abstract
The relevance of the study comes from the fact that, in the Russian Federation, there are not only the enterprises but also the entire branches of the economy (for example, gas industry) having a considerable proportion of government property and standing at different stages of denationalization. In this connection, the author considers useful to study the historical experience of privatizing the electric power industry in order to obtain the higher economic effect.
The electric power industry is of special value due to its presence in all engineering processes and the simplicity and convenience of its utilization. Consequently, the electric power industry can be considered the basic industry of national economic complex of Russia, the basis for the functioning of the economy and its life-support systems. Its sustainable development and technical condition influence directly not only the prospects of progressive development of the entire national economic complex but allow providing the desired level of energy security of the country in the whole. The policymakers’ ambitious plans for securing the economic growth cannot be implemented without adequate production volume of the electric power industry while meeting the “GOST-determined” criteria of its quality.
In this paper, the author considers the issues appeared within the electric power industry in the mid-1980s (stagnation) that led to the decrease in a number of key industry-specific indicators. They included the decrease in the amount of financing the industry, the decline of the index of production of industrial products of the electric power industry, the slowing down of basic production assets formation.
The analysis of statistical data for the period from 1985 to 1997 is carried out. The author studied the prerequisites for the necessity to privatize the electric power industry, the main of which for that period was the critical economic status of the industry due to the presence of negative factors both the external and the internal (the deficiency of investment and material and technical resources, decline in manufacturing output, wear and tear on plant and equipment). Special aspects of privatization of the electric power industry and new industry structure are described.
The author summarized this stage of reforming and made the conclusion that allowed saying that only one objective of this stage of reforming was achieved (sustainable electrical servicing for consumers).
25-30
THE COMPETITIVENESS OF LOGISTICS PROVIDER IN THE TRANSPORT SERVICE MARKET
Abstract
Market transformations in Russia, the growth of competition in the transport service market and the reduction of state control in its regulation, the creation of many new enterprises of different ownership forms caused the necessity to provide comprehensive services and the entry of logistics providers of different levels.
In the context of the conducted research, it is found out that the assets characteristics and the range of activity affect the level of competitive ability of a logistics provider in the transport service market. The distinct competitive advantage of a modern logistics provider in the described market segment is the possibility to run business with minimum costs. The analysis of costs structure is made using the example of a regional logistics provider; its results show the high level of circulation costs. Strong competition in the segment of heavy bulk cargo transportation proves the unique character and the independence of a service consumer from a provider. Based on the example of the logistics provider, the authors propose the creation of maintenance units, which task will be the rationalization of both the financial flows and time component. Besides the creation of such units on the territory of logistics provider, it is recommended to form the stock of the parts limiting the reliability. The authors propose to update the procedure of the analysis of maintenance reliability of a transport with the identification of the dependence of type of maintenance work on the trucking distance. The optimization of maintenance expenditures, as one of the main expenses items, will promote the competitiveness growth of a logistics provider in the transport service market. Further development of the study of the competitive growth of service provider is necessary by means of both the transport infrastructure evaluation and the adaptation of this offer for a 4PL-provider.
31-36
IMPLEMENTATION OF SOCIAL FUNCTIONS OF THE STATE IN THE FIELD OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION
Abstract
In this paper, the state is represented as a guarantor of receiving social benefits by all representatives of the society in the education sector. Attention is paid to the peculiarities of implementation of social policy through the formation and development of its legal, economic and organizational conditions in the sector of inclusive education. The formation of social tasks in the context of inclusion at the regional level is considered. Nowadays, the issues of state support of inclusive education are especially important as it should ensure equal initial conditions for the provision of the required level of quality of education in all regions of the Russian Federation. The goals and objectives of the research are to study the specifics of implementation of social functions of the state in the provision of inclusive education for children in modern Russia, as well as to identify the current problems while implementing these functions at the federal and regional levels. Based on the content analysis of the regulatory framework and the experience of the regions, priority areas of social policy in the field of inclusive education implemented in the current period of time were identified. Through comparative analysis of various measures to implement the requirements of the legislation, the main problems are identified that hinder performing of social tasks of the state in the sector of inclusive education. The conclusion is made that currently, as a result of the implementation of a set of state tasks at the federal and regional levels, basic conditions for ensuring inclusive education have been created in our country. The author also outlines the problems which should be promptly solved to foster complete implementation of the social functions of the state and, as a consequence, the improvement of the quality and accessibility of inclusive education for all citizens of the Russian Federation.
37-42
THE ANALYSIS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF BURYATIA IN 2005–2016
Abstract
The relevance of the research issue is caused by the necessity to carry out the analysis and the economic and theoretical justification of formation of the perspectives for development within the regional economic system level. It should be noted that in the context of the existing differentiation of regions, an integrated approach to the evaluation and analysis of development is particularly important.
The research is aimed at the analysis of the social and economic development of the Republic of Buryatia and the identification of the perspectives for the sustainable social and economic development. In this paper, the author carried out complex analysis of social and economic development of the Republic of Buryatia in 2005–2016, considered the dynamics of key socio-economic indicators, carried out the analysis of the structural industries of gross regional product, studied the dynamics of ranking of the region, and showed the special aspects of the development of the region within the conditions of the environment-protection measures in respect to the Lake Baikal protection.
In the result of the study, it is identified that the structure of the economy of the Republic of Buryatia has experienced the significant changes: the share of transport and communication industries and agriculture has decreased; and the contribution of health, education, manufacturing, and services sectors has increased.
The obtained results allow stating that the growth of region’s economic development is characterized by the stability but the uncertainty. Despite the economic growth rates typical for the entire country, the Republic of Buryatia showed the decrease in many socio-economic indicators that allows concluding about the slow down of the region’s economy compared to other regions of the country.
The author suggests the recommendations on the formation of perspective directions of sustainable social and economic development of the region.
It is intended that the ecological and technological development with the strengthening of measures for preservation and creation of the conditions for the quality level of living of the population and for the achievement of average Russian level of social and economic development is the most optimal.
43-51