No 1 (2015)

The consequences of the financial and economic crisis are deplorable in many spheres of the national economy of Ukraine. No exception is the financial services market, the assets of which during this time significantly reduced, while employment in the insurance and banking sector reduced by almost a quarter.

The text of the article states a significant reduction in the number of bank and non-banking financial institutions and their structural units in the regions of Ukraine, which adversely affected the number of employees in these spheres and in the future, further optimization of financial institutions’ staff is forecasted, as well as reduction of insurers’ agency network is forecasted due to legislative changes regarding compulsory registration of such persons in the State Register of agents. At the same time, as a positive aspect is considered the possibility of multiagency activity of such persons.

The organization's Ability to balance their assets and liabilities, to successfully operate and grow in a changing internal and external environment, constantly to maintain its solvency and investment attractiveness within the boundaries of the acceptable level of risk indicates its stable financial position, and Vice versa, therefore, the financial activities of the organization should be aimed at ensuring the orderly receipt and expenditure of financial resources, the achievement of rational proportions of debt to equity, execution and settlement discipline and the most efficient use of capital.

In the current geopolitical realities of the national economy of Russia as well as possible relevant are issues of business organizations in general, and innovative entrepreneurship in particular. There is a need to determine the relationship between modernization of the economy and entrepreneurship. Define the role of the state in poodderzhde innovative business development. In this paper theoretically grounded approach to the consideration of market relations in the innovation economy. Prioritized the development of entrepreneurship in the modern economy, based on the elimination of the structural contradictions between innovation and market contradictions involving public institutions. Need to move from energy-resource-based economy to an innovation was stressed adopted in 2011 "strategy of innovative development of the Russian Federation until 2020". In 2014, the need for a transition to an innovation economy has become vital, not just desirable. Make such a transition is impossible without the existence of business organizations can manage appropriate to the nature of innovation. In addition, it should be noted the important role of the state in shaping the conditions for the transition to an innovation economy, supporting entrepreneurship not only at national but also at regional level.

This article describes the mechanism of economic management of the region on the basis of the process approach. The circuit implementation of the process approach to the management of regional economy on the basis of interaction between the authorities and business structures. Process management is invited to consider in the context of the four classical functions of management: planning, organization, motivation and control. In the context of the planning function includes activities and actions on the analysis of the factors and the formation of the main principles of interaction between the authorities and business structures. At this stage, a strategy, which is in the form of plans drills, presents complex set goals. The next step is to define the ways of interaction between the authorities and business structures. The function of the organization when this involves creating a list of documents, such as feasibility study of infrastructure development project; the allocation of institutional responsibilities between the participants and others. As a motivational mechanism, consider giving the status of "priority projects" and provide the participants with certain benefits under state or Federal laws. At the stage of control is determined by the economic and social effects from the proposed interaction between the authorities and business structures at the macro and micro levels. The proposed element-by-element description of the functional structure of the Centre for the development of public-private partnership and describes the project management structure Regional PPP Center. Presents a range of works that have to implement the infrastructure development Department regional Center for public-private partnership. The main ones are the analysis of socio-economic status of the region and its infrastructure, the definition of the scenarios and criteria of selection of activities for infrastructure development, implementation and monitoring activities.

The article deals with the strategic directions of modernization mechanism of the regional economy, which will reduce the level of differentiation of areas, on the other hand, will increase the responsibility of regional authorities for the operation controlled territory.

The article discusses the mechanisms to provide availability of the low-rise housing in the regions. The organizational and methodological approaches were set out, which we proposed to include in the list of measures of the regional housing policy to stimulate low-rise housing in the regions. The article discusses forms such as provision people with free housing and as stimulating the process of providing on the market conditions. The process for permanent tightening of requirements for people who need to be included in the social queue for the free housing was designated. It makes actual the process of choosing mechanisms of buying housing on commercial basis. The commercial mechanisms are: state housing certificate, mortgage, housing savings programs. There are some criteria for people to whom this state housing certificate can be provided. The forms of the provision housing for people with preferential criteria by federal programs were discussed. The special role of the region and cities in it was clearly designated. The article discusses one of the most effective mechanisms to encourage low-rise housing in the regions - a public-private partnership (PPP) and forms of financing PPP project. The mechanisms of buying housing with help of housing-building cooperatives, housing accumulation funds, construction and savings funds were discussed. The differences among them were mentioned as well. The author's position on a case in point is stated.

The modern business environment is closely linked with the need for financial trend analysis, evaluating the impact of internal and external factors of the organization to reduce operating, investment and financial risks, anticipate developments in the negative scenario and making optimal management decisions. Consumer cooperation is an important part of our economy and looking for PU-year growth in its industrial and economic activity.Taking place in the country and regions gradually increased competition in the consumer market, changing supply and demand for various goods and services has led in recent years to reduce the share of consumer cooperatives in the total volume of services provided to the population, reducing its effectiveness.At present, the consumer societies to increase the volume of services provided to the population, to expand their range, to increase the efficiency of economic activity and to ensure sustainable, socially-oriented system of my possessing competitive advantages, the most complete use, which ryh is a significant factor in improving the efficiency of services provided to shareholders and rural residents.Cooperative sector serving 57% of the rural population, has a significant mate-geographically-technical base, carries out diversified activities on the provision of services, retail trade, public catering, procurement of agricultural products, production of goods, involved in the formation of the Federal and regional food funds. In the modern rapidly growing competitive environment, you need a Pro-led analysis of financial condition, assessing the effectiveness of cooperative organizations, to determine the prospects of their development.  Financial analysis in cooperation necessary for scientific substantiation of the response to emerging threats crisis situations that lead to negative changes in environmental factors cooperative organizations and timely management decisions. The authors clarify the definition of a financial condition of the cooperative organizations addressing their development in the current period and the long term on the basis of the transition from one qualitative state to another, more perfect to ensure sustainable functioning; systematized and complements the internal factors and the external environment that affect the probability of bankruptcy cooperative organizations.

The cost management system is the most important tool of management. The organization of this system will allow you to adjust the production process. Therefore, the basic condition for increasing the profit of the company is to reduce the costs of production and marketing of products, in particular reducing the production cost. So, the organization and cost management are a priority for the company. The article considers modern approaches to the concept of "cost management system", identified the main classification features to the definition of this concept. So, in the author's opinion, based on modern approaches to the essence of the system of cost control, it can be considered as the target multi-level system whose goal is to increase the efficiency of the enterprise in the conditions of limited resources and innovative development of the enterprise. The author has developed and described model of cost management system where objects are actually costs the enterprise, reserves of cost reduction and budgets of the enterprise. The subject are the managers and specialists of enterprises and production units. These include employees of accounting, planning and economic department, financial and analytical department, etc. In turn, employees realize functions such as planning and forecasting, organization, motivation, calculation, accounting, analysis, control, coordination and regulation. The author also proposed an algorithm that allows introducing a cost management system in enterprises.

In the article the problem of import of goods in the Irkutsk region in terms of sanctions imposed against the Russian Federation by countries of the European Union and the United States. The tasks set by the Government of the Russian Federation before the authorities of Irkutsk region. A set of measures of state support of the agricultural sector the agricultural sector of the economy of the Irkutsk region, necessary for solving the government of the Russian Federation. The article also gives the rationale for the creation of an innovative mechanism to promote import substitution in the sphere of agrarian policy of the Irkutsk region, the development and the implementation of which will have an impact on the stimulation of the process of food import substitution, as well as the search for new methods of optimization of activity of the enterprises of the agricultural sector. The article describes the main mechanisms to stimulate the process of import substitution of agricultural food agro-industrial sectors of the economy, operating on the territory of Irkutsk region: an effective investment policy and state support of small business in the agricultural sector. The analysis of the results of a set of measures of state regulation of agro-industrial complex with regard to their implementation in 2014, contributing to the stimulation of food import substitution, as well as influencing the competitiveness of the food of the Russian agricultural producers. The article outlines, existing problem areas that prevent optimization of activity of the agricultural enterprises of Irkutsk region. A number of the measures, aimed at creating a favourable economic environment for enterprises of small farms. The article also outlines the need for application of methods of agromarketing on the formation of well-established channels of supply and distribution of products; proposed measures to encourage import substitution in the production of agricultural machinery and equipment manufacturer in Russia.

The article discusses the general theoretical basis of public-private partnerships, defines the essence of public-private partnerships.  Due to the lack of a unified approach to the understanding of PPP, the analysis of existing definitions are highlighted fundamental differences in the interpretation of the term in Russia and in foreign countries. Analyzed statements by politicians of the Russian Federation, which represent an opportunity to highlight the two versions of the definition of this type of partnership. Designated basic features of PPP, which allow to distinguish between public-private partnerships and other forms of cooperation between state authorities and the subjects of investment activity. Identified the main forms of this kind of partnership, presented in Russian and international practice, including: contracts, leasing, concessions, corporations and others. Investigated the regulatory framework on this topic in order to identify the level of development of normative and legal support, including at the regional level. It was revealed that the main problem of PPPs in the social sphere is that the social sphere for innovation and development requires maximum budget financing, which is often lacking and private funding for social projects, often of no interest, since one does not always ( and sometimes quite impossible) it is possible to make a profit.

At present time Russia is one of the main exporters of chemical products. In this case the main questions in chemical industry are the increasing of a market share and  the maintaining of a high level of reliability of customer service, because these factors have a direct impact on  a consumer demand, competitiveness and an economic efficiency. Many Russian producers,  delivering of chemical products, prefer a rail transportation , where at the moment there are many problems: a constant growth of  the fares for transportation, the large capital investments in transport, infrastructure, lack of suitable special wagons, etc. The solution of these problems can be outsourcing, which means the minimizing  of the costs financial and time by the transferring of the noncore functions and the corporate roles to the external specialized companies. The company can focus it’s attention especially on the production process, using other experience for optimization of the delivery of products. That less with all the advantages of outsourcing organization, it is still necessary to make a comprehensive assessment of the company for the better the expected result of this administrative decision and minimize risks.

Azerbaijani carpets are one of the branches of the carpet art of the East. This archaeological research conducted on the territory of Azerbaijan, testify to the fact that the art of carpet weaving was born in Azerbaijan since ancient times. In November of 2010, they were included in the list of "intangible cultural heritage" by UNESCO. Azerbaijani carpets are famous throughout the world as the ancient examples of the art. Today, these carpets are considered the most valuable exhibits of museums in the world. Carpet weaving is one of the most important and ancient forms of Azerbaijan folk - arts and crafts, traditions and secrets which were carefully kept and handed down from generation to generation. Carpet Museum of Azerbaijan holds a large and hard work to promote the national cultural heritage by holding international exhibitions, conferences, symposia and other events. Azerbaijani carpet with its stylized language of pattern, color and artistic excellence is an integral part of the spiritual world of the Azerbaijani people.

Principle of “employees involvement” quality management system is highly actual for HR-managers, because personnel is a real base of organization. Requirements of  ISO 9001 standard to human resource management are further developed in new standard ISO 10018.

Ensuring food security is a complex Pro-problem of global format, with adequate forms at the national and regional levels of the organization of the economic system, affecting the interests of all social groups, each person. Food independence is to be the most important condition guaranteed-sustainable existence, functioning and development of society and an integral part of the economic security of the state. To ensure the growth of the country's population is food oriented solution to almost all problems in the operation of its food complex and finding ways of improving the living standards of the population. In this context, food security has a special place in the life of society because food is a basic condition of human life. In a diverse assortment of high quality food needed daily every citizen of the country and the level of security and nutrition characterize the degree of socio-economic development of the country and determine the health and longevity of human-rights. The solution to the problem of food security is an important priority of the state policy of any state and the object of scientific investigations. In the field of food security mated about key problems of conducting agricultural and socio-economic policy, real trends in food production, domestic food market, identify the nature of the dependence of its situation on the global food market, the purchasing power of the population, the social status of people, the possibilities of consumption of high-quality, wholesome and harmless to human health, food. In modern conditions the problem of food security for those real global. However, localization resource saving, production and marketing of agricultural and food products at the regional level makes the mechanism to ensure food security in complex system. The regional factor begins to play a very significant role in ensuring food security of the country. Natural, economic, demographic, social, national and other differences lead to the differentiation of the regions on the basis of their participation in solving the problems of food security, and the latter, respectively, requires a regional approach to the management of agro food production and to the development of a mechanism to ensure food security of the country.

Market relations, which are largely formed in the condition ions of uncertainty and instability of the external and internal environment, suggest the presence of highly effective techniques and methods using management and economic activities. Flexible, consumer-oriented production requires the introduction of a minimum of flexible mechanisms of supply chain management and approaches to pricing. The effectiveness of the control flow processes is largely determined by the level of logistics costs, which are included in the cost of finished products. Their decline, growth on this basis, the level of profit, raises financial capabilities of any enterprise. The article deals with the problem of the formation and registration of logistics costs arising in the supply chain of an industrial enterprise. A simplified form of classification and accounting for these costs. Determination of the composition of logistics costs promotes the adoption of economically sound management decisions. In addition, the structuring of these costs in the main features will improve the accounting system, deepen the analysis, study targets to increase and make more effective control of their condition. The need for a thorough evaluation of the performance is due to the increasing importance of quality customer service and a large amount of capital employed in logistics.

Architectural feature of the building of the medieval Islamic East were numerous pantheons and mausoleums. Their purpose was not only about worshiping the holy people buried here, but also in the implementation of a series of rites and rituals. One of these is the mausoleum mausoleums Imamzadeh Shiites in Iran.

Article reveals the special features of the contemporary social and economic development of Russia, connected with the formation of social relations on the basis of the pluralism of property and the development of public activity. Are based institutional change, which make it possible to enlarge the possibilities of noncommercial organizations in the development of the system of management of quality in the sphere of services. The basic work of the researchers of this problem are designated. The concept of noncommercial organization in the wide and narrow sense of the word is revealed, the reasons for the plurality of its terminological determinations are revealed. The specific character of noncommercial organization as the subject of the social and economic relations is defined: its place in the property relations, the nature of goal setting in the realization of activity. The noncommercial organizations are isolated:  which can contribute to the improvement of management of quality in the sphere of the services: the trade unions and the samoregulirutsemye organizations. The possibilities of the trade unions in the improvement of the system of the stimulation of the work of personnel in the organizations of the sphere of services on the basis of the calculation of the basic elements of the motivation of colleagues are opened. The system of stimulation is defined as the important lever of increase in their loyalty toward the organization and strengthening the tendency to ensure the necessary quality of its work. The self-controlled organizations are considered as the professional noncommercial partnerships, which received from the state the right to issue license to their organization- terms to the professional activity and the ensuring the necessary level qualities of their work on basis of the standards manufactured by them and affirmed by professional association. Are revealed problems the restrictive possibilities of trade unions and self-controlled organizations in an improvement in the quality in the branches of the sphere of services. Measures for the making more active of the use of possibilities of noncommercial organizations in the development of the system of management of quality in the sphere of services are proposed.

Analysis of the interaction between labour markets and educational services demonstrates their internal contradictions, which makes it difficult to optimize their integration. Today, both markets operate independently from each other, which is confirmed by the research results. To internal factors that cause contradictions in his work, the author relates: increase the number of educational institutions of higher professional education, resulting in an inflated number of graduates demanded by the profession; the activity of the market of educational services in the training of young specialists in new areas; insufficiently developed system of additional education for retraining of specialists. The lack of permanent sociological monitoring increases the imbalance of labour markets and educational services. The employer acts as a consumer of educational services, defining its role, because he is a customer of qualified professionals. But at the same time, he is always ready to articulate their requirements to the graduates in the new conditions, which significantly slows down the dynamics of the region as a whole. Systematic work with the monitoring will help to develop an optimized forms of cooperation and partnership that will promote socio-economic development of the region. Feedback of the University with the consumer can improve its performance. Special attention should be paid to what group of consumers of educational services has a relationship with each other and can influence each other. This requires constant monitoring, which will provide full information about the interests, changes with consumer education services. There is no doubt that each University should establish an ongoing study of its potential audience, to track her motivation and guidance. Such information will not only find the most interesting proposals from the point of view of learning, but also to track potential proposals for labour market demand occupations. The imbalance of labour markets and educational services creates contradictions in the formation and realization of human potential in the region. The resolution of serious problems is in search of cooperation between universities and employers.